After the discovery of relation between human disease and bacteria, a new chapter of biological science has developed, "Medical Bacteriology". From now on my post will revolve around human disease and microbiology. Let us start with Malaria, one of the most deadliest disease in the world and in particular in India and Africa and the disease which kills around 2 to 8 million people every year. Malaria is a vector-borne infectious disease. It is one of the most common infectious diseases & is considered as an enormous public health problem in tropical & subtropical countries. Approximately 400 million people get affected each year and result in 1 to 3 million deaths annually (mostly among young children in Sub – Saharan Africa). Interestingly malaria is not considered as a disease caused by poverty but is a cause of poverty & hindrance in economic development.